X-ray mirror Lens are a kind of standard components which is used for the purpose of collimating, focusing, and low-pass filtering in all the departments of energy x-ray light sources. Growing demands on the quality of the figure and finishing of mirrors are intense for the third generation synchrotron sources; Although new diffraction-limited x-ray sources, whether it is free-electron laser or storage ring-based, will also place even more extraordinary demands on beamline optics. This is because of both the individuality of experimental requirements and the supreme importance of preserving the ideal beam characteristics as the beam is being manipulated and transported to the experimental station. Grazing incidence mirrors provide an absolutely vital, achromatic means to concentrate the diverging beam radiated by the source into a small spot for the sample illumination. Alternative focusing technologies suffer chromatic deviation, which reduces the practical band pass by orders of the...