Clinching, also known as press joining, is a process (bulk-sheet metal-forming) which aims to join thin sheets of metal without involvement of additional components such as bolts, rivets, nuts and screws and uses special tools to form an interlocking system between two or more sheets. This process has no temperature requirements as such and can be carried out at room temperatures; however, in some cases, the sheets to be interlocked can be heater prior to the process in order to improve the ductility of the material. The technology of clinching is a result of the advent and development of industrial engineering. A dye and a punch are the tools used in clinching. The intensity of pressure coupled with shape of the clinching tool helps to determine the mechanical interlock of the materials. Clinching machines are appropriate to fasten a wide range of ductile material like low carbon steels, aluminium alloys, copper. Their suitability also extends to materials such as magnesium alloys, t...